Unveiling the Enigma: A Case of Hodgkin's Lymphoma to Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma, Culminating in Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
Abstract:
Hemophagocytic lymph histiocytosis (HLH) is a rare complication that occurs after Hodgkin's lymphoma, with an estimated incidence of 8.9 %. This case highlights the complexities of diagnosing and managing Hemophago cytic Lymph histiocytosis (HLH), particularly when it arises as a complication of Hodgkin's Lymphoma (HL) that has progressed to T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma. A 36-year-old man with a history of Hodgkin's lymphoma presented with severe systemic symptoms and was diagnosed with Hemophagocytic lymph histiocy tosis based on clinical criteria and laboratory findings. Despite aggressive treatment, including chemotherapy and antibiotics, the patient developed Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS), acute kidney injury (AKI), and multisystem organ failure, ultimately leading to his death. This case underscores the urgent need for early recognition and intervention in Hemophagocytic lymph histiocytosis, especially in the context of underlying malignancies, and highlights the challenges posed by its rarity and complex presentations. Prompt consultation with hematologists and immediate treatment initiation are critical to improving outcomes. Categories: Allergy/Immunology, Oncology, Hematology
