Abstract: Annals of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine

Abstract:
Osteoporosis is a chronic skeletal disorder characterized by reduced bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to increased fragility and risk of fractures. Nutritional factors play a pivotal role in bone health, partic ularly in aging populations. This article explores the synergistic effects of essential micronutrients—vitamin D, zinc, magnesium, silicon, copper, and methylsulfonylmethane (MSM)—along with vitamin K and B-complex vitamins, in the prevention and management of osteoporosis. We examine their physiological functions, mechanisms of action on bone remodeling, and the evidence from clinical and experimental studies. Our findings suggest that these nutrients, especially when used in combination, may improve bone mineral density (BMD), reduce inflammation, enhance col lagen formation, and mitigate fracture risk. Integrating nutritional strategies into conventional treatment may offer a more holistic approach to bone health in osteoporotic patients.