Abstract: Journal of Clinical Surgery Care Research

Abstract:
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is an uncommon and self-limiting condition characterized by the pres ence of air in the mediastinum without apparent trauma. While often associated with activities that increase intra thoracic pressure, such as vomiting or intense exertion, underlying respiratory infections and excessive coughing play a critical role in its pathogenesis. This report presents a case of a 20-year-old male with a history of asthma and recent upper respiratory tract infection who developed acute chest pain and dyspnea following severe coughing after lifting weights. Physical examination revealed subcutaneous emphysema, and imaging confirmed the diagnosis. The patient was treated conservatively, with resolution of symptoms within a week. This case emphasizes the importance of recognizing SPM in patients with acute chest pain, understanding its pathogenesis, and managing it conservatively to prevent complications.