Relationship Between Antivirals Therapy and Mortality of Moderate and Severe COVID-19 Patients
Abstract:
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral infection that has become a Pandemic with more than 394 million confirmed cases in 223 countries and more than 5.7 million deaths as of February 2022. Although there have been many studies on the effectiveness of antivirals until now the data in Indonesia is still very limited. Objectives: This study aims to know the relationship between antiviral therapy with mortality of moderate and severe COVID-19 patients.
Methods: This study used an observational method using secondary data from medical records of COVID-19 patients at the Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital and Hasanuddin University Teaching Hospital from January to June 2021. The relationship between antiviral therapy and mortality was assessed by the chi-square statistical test, where the results of the test were statistically significant if the p-value < 0.05.
Results: In moderate-severity COVID-19 patients receiving the antiviral oseltamivir, favipiravir, and remdesivir had no effect on mortality (p = 0.061). In patients with severe COVID-19 who received remdesivir, mortality was 17.1% higher than in subjects receiving favipiravir (p = 0.000; 95% CI 0.063-0.462). Comorbid diabetes in patients with severe COVID-19 increased mortality 2,395 times compared to non-DM (p = 0.030; 95%CI 0.846-3.253). Comorbid hypertension had no effect on mortality in severe COVID-19 patients (p = 0.07). Patients with severe COVID-19 who received remdesivir, comorbid DM increased mortality 2.527 times compared to non-DM subjects (p = 0.018; 95%CI 1.153-5.540).
Conclusions: Moderate severity of COVID-19 patients receiving the antiviral oseltamivir, favipiravir, and remdesivir had no effect on mortality. Patients with severe COVID-19 who received remdesivir had a higher mortality risk than favipiravir, which was influenced by the presence of comorbid DM.
