Epidemiology and Molecular Biology of Vibrio Cholerae O139
Abstract:
Cholera is one of the most feared epidemic infectious diseases that can affect human beings. Seven pandemics of cholera have been recorded since 1817. Each one of these pandemics caused significant morbidity and mortality, had a negative impact on the economy, trade, and commerce of the affected countries, and caused panic amongst the general public.Cholera is a highly contagious acute dehydrating diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio cholerae. There are over 200 serogroups of V. cholerae known to date; however, only two (O1 and 139 serotypes) are responsible for the vast majority of outbreaks. Cholera is an intestinal infection caused by Vibrio cholerae .The hallmark of the disease is profuse secretory diarrhea. Cholera can be endemic, epidemic, or pandemic. Despite all the major advances in research, the condition still remains a challenge to the modern medical world. Although the disease may be asymptomatic or mild, severe cholera can cause dehydration and death within hours of onset. The objective of this study was to review prevalence and molecular characterization of vibrio cholerae O139 to help control and prevention of the spread of this highly-transmissible diseases in in the world and also provides a detailed literature review on molecular biology drivers of cholera patterns.
