Enhancing Thermal Comfort and Movement in Public Markets Through Informed Space Syntax Approach: A Case Study of Lipa City Public Market
Abstract:
The traditional Filipino "palengke" is a vital part of daily life in Filipino communities, serving as a central hub that embodies the social, cultural, and economic essence of Philippine society. However, these historical spaces are under threat from the rise of supermarkets, outdated layouts, and thermal discomfort. These chal lenges are not just compromising the appeal and functionality of palengkes, but also threatening their very existence. This study explores how users interact with the market's environment and how Space Syntax, combined with environmental data, can optimize spatial layout and thermal comfort. Data collection included user surveys on heat, humidity, and airflow alongside environmental measurements. Researchers used Computational Flu id Dynamics (CFD) simulations and Space Syntax analysis to examine the relationship between spatial con f iguration and thermal dynamics, identifying opportunities for improvement. Findings reveal that market temperatures often exceed comfort standards set by ASHRAE 55 (23°C to 27°C), Code of Sanitation of the Philippines (26.7°C, and 60% relative humidity), and an empirically derived com fort range (26°C to 28.5°C). Congested areas, particularly in grocery and wet sections, experience the worst conditions. Space Syntax analysis showed that areas with better spatial integration, such as main hallways, benefit from improved airflow. CFD simulations underscored the role of layout in airflow patterns. Recommendations include redesigning market layouts to reduce congestion, improving ventilation with natu ral cooling elements, and utilizing technology for real-time monitoring. By addressing these issues, the study aims to enhance the user experience and ensure the competitiveness of palengkes amid rapid modernization.
