Dietary Approaches to Combat Coronary Artery Diseases (CADs): A Comprehensive Review
Abstract:
Coronary artery diseases (CADs) remain the foremost cause of death worldwide, with poor dietary habits being one of the most significant modifiable risk factors. Research increasingly demonstrates that well-structured dietary interventions can play a pivotal role not only in preventing and managing CADs but also in slowing or reversing disease progression. Diets such as the Mediterranean and DASH patterns, alongside plant-based nutrition, have been consistently associated with reduced cardiovascular risk through their emphasis on whole grains, fruits, veg etables, legumes, nuts, and healthy fats. These dietary approaches work synergistically to improve lipid profiles, reduce blood pressure, and enhance vascular health. In addition to overall dietary patterns, specific nutrients and bioactive compounds have been recognized for their cardioprotective properties. Omega-3 fatty acids, dietary fiber, antioxidants, and polyphenols contribute to lowering inflammation, improving endothelial function, and mitigating oxidative stress key processes in the development of CADs. Functional foods and phytochemicals, such as those found in berries, green tea, flaxseed, and soy, offer additional benefits through targeted metabolic pathways. By integrating these evidence-based dietary strategies into daily life, individuals can significantly reduce their cardio vascular risk. Future advancements in personalized nutrition may further optimize these interventions by tailoring them to individual genetic, metabolic, and lifestyle profiles.
