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An Insidious Rare Cause of Abdominal Pain Presentation in The Emergency Department: Splenic Artery Aneurysms Complicated by Rupture – A Systematic Review of The Literature

Abstract:
The splenic artery aneurysms (SAA) are vascular malformations with spontaneous localized dilations of the splenic artery, which may cause life-threatening conditions. It is the most common visceral artery aneurysm – but SAA are rare, present in approximately 0.2% to 10% of general population. Meaning of SAA is underlined by the propensity for its rupture, which occurs with a frequency of 10% to 20% and results in chance of hemorrhage with catastrophic potential, with consequent high mortality rates; Such hemorrhage is usually presented with non-focalizing abdominal pain, thereby making diagnosis a challenge in the emergency department because of the absence of pathognomonic features and variable clinical presentation.