Abstract: Journal of Electronics Science and Electrical Research

Abstract:
This paper explores the application of nano multilayers-developed in our previous research – as conductive wires in cardiac pacemakers. Specifically, it proposes a novel design approach where pacemaker wires are embedded directly into the ventricular walls of the heart to optimize interaction with cardiomyocytes, the cells responsible for initiating and regulating heart beats. The study emphasizes the importance of precise place ment and miniaturization of wires, advocating for diameters below 1mm using nanotechnology, and transfer matrix method (TMM) simulations. To meet biocompatibility and functionality requirements, the paper sug gests using Titanium Nitride (TiN) as the conductive layer and silicon as the flexible, insulating substrate forming an Insulator-Metal-Insulator (IMI) structure. These materials are selected for their electrical conduc tivity, biocompatibility, flexibility and corrosion resistance, making them suitable for long-term implantation in cardiac tissues. This work aims to advance pacemaker design by improving integration with the heart’s natural electrical system while ensuring safety and material compatibility.