A Review on Function of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Breast Cancer
Abstract:
Matrix metalloproteinases are the pivotal enzymes in the progress and metastasis of human breast cancer. These enzymes degrade the extracellular matrix to such an extent that it allows invasion of tumour cells into the surrounding tissues and their eventual metastases to other parts of the body. Generally, in human breast cancers, over-expression of MMPs reflects increased tumour growth, angiogenesis, and invasive potential. Specific MMPs, such as MMP-2 and MMP-9, have been implicated in tumour progression by degrading collagen and other components of the extracellular matrix. This facilitates the migration of cancer cells into the blood vessels and lymphatics, thus allowing metastasis to take place. In addition to that, active MMPs may also change the tumour microenvironment by releasing growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines, which further facilitate tumour growth and development. Targeting MMPs has also been considered a potential therapeutic approach to inhibiting metastasis in cancer and further improving outcomes for breast cancer patients. In short, MMPs play a very important role in breast carcinomas regarding tumour invasion and metastasis processes and modulation of the tumour microenvironment. Understanding the role of MMPs in the progression of breast cancer can therefore lead to novel approaches to therapies against this disease. This review article reveals the role of MMPs in breast cancer and MMP can be target site for the treatment of breast cancer
