Abstract:
The energy revolution of the 21st century is crucial in addressing climate change and achieving a sustainable, zero-carbon future. This article explores the current landscape of energy production, emphasizing the pivotal role of renewable sources alongside the necessity of nuclear energy innovations. As global reliance on fossil fuels remains significant, Advanced Reactor Concepts (ARCs) in nuclear fission present enhanced safety, reduced waste, and improved efficiency, positioning nuclear power as a reliable low-carbon energy source. Concurrently, advancements in nuclear fusion technologies, specifically magnetic and inertial confinement methods, offer the promise of virtually limitless clean energy. By examining the integration of these innovations with ongoing renewable projects and the transformative potential of artificial intelligence and machine learning, this article highlights the multifaceted approach required to navigate the energy transition. Together, these technologies and strategies are vital for creating a resilient energy system that meets growing demands while minimizing environmental impacts, ultimately driving progress toward climate goals.