Effect of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles on Human Sperm Parameters after Freezing
Abstract:
Background: In reproductive science, freezing reduces the fertility potential of sperm due to the production of reactive oxygen species and physicochemical damage, which leads to a decrease in sperm viability and mobility. Adding antioxidants to freezing environments can protect sperm from cold damage and neutralize the harmful effects of ROS. This study aims to investigate the effect of magnesium in the form of magnesium oxide nanoparticles to examine sperm parameters and measure the quality of sperm cells caused by the effects of freezing.
Materials and Methods: Eight semen samples of normal humans referred to Noor Pathobiology Laboratory were evaluated in 8 Fresh and Freeze and control groups. Three fresh experimental groups were only exposed to MgO nanoparticles with concentrations of 5, 25, and 50 μg/ml and were analyzed half an hour later. Three freezing experimental groups were frozen after including concentrations of MgO nanoparticles and thawed and analyzed half an hour later. Two control groups including control 1: were analyzed half an hour after exposure to the environment and control 2: half an hour after freezing were thawed and analyzed. DNA fragmentation, morphology, motility, viability, and PH of sperm were evaluated. Data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance.
Results: Evaluations showed that magnesium oxide nanoparticles have a toxic effect on sperm cells, thereby causing a significant difference in motility and viability parameters between control group nanoparticles and both fresh and frozen groups at all concentrations. Also, the use of Mgo NPs in fresh and frozen processes effectively maintains the pH, morphology, and fragmentation of DNA in sperm cells.
Conclusion: MgO nanoparticles may negatively impact the movement and survival of sperm during both the fresh and freezing processes. The concentration and duration of exposure to these nanoparticles are crucial factors that determine their toxicity on the sperm cell.
