Design of High-Performance Graphene Lead Free Perovskite Solar Cells by Numerical Modeling Based on Coupled Differential Equations
Abstract:
In this study, graphene was prepared by modified Hummer’s method and the optical properties were explored using UV-visible spectroscopy to determine absorption coefficients at different wavelengths based on Beer-Lambert’s law. In the second step, graphene based lead-free methyl ammonium germanium halide solar cell was designed using GO as carrier transporters. Numerical modelling of the device in solar capacitance stimulating (SCAPS 1D) program based on second order differential equation was done. A 0.6227 V, 38.58 mAcm-2, 83.07 %, 19.95 % were recorded as the open-circuit voltage, current density, fill factor and power conversion efficiency for FTO/GO/Perovskite/ Cu2O/Au. The investigation showed that the presence of graphene improved the optical transparency and enhanced carrier generation and interaction between other layers which optimized the electrical conductivity and efficiency of the solar cells when compared to previous studies in literature. The results emphasized a viable approach to in the design of efficient and stable solar cells at a reduced cost and optical losses. If mass produced can deployed in Africa due to massive solar energy potential.
